Chapter 16: Thermodynamics

• 16.1 Spontaneity
  • Spontaneity
  • Dispersal of Matter and Energy
  • Summary

• 16.2 Entropy
  • Entropy
  • Entropy and Microstates
  • Predicting the Sign of ΔS
  • Summary

• 16.3 The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
  • The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
  • The Second Law of Thermodynamics
  • The Third Law of Thermodynamics
  • Summary

• 16.4 Free Energy
  • Free Energy
  • What’s “Free” about ΔG?
  • Calculating Free Energy Change
  • Free Energy Changes for Coupled Reactions
  • Temperature Dependence of Spontaneity
  • Free Energy and Equilibrium
  • Summary