Appendix: Units and Conversion Factors

Commonly used SI prefixes in chemistry

Prefix		Base 10	Decimal
Name	Symbol
yotta	Y	1024	1000000000000000000000000
zetta	Z	1021	1000000000000000000000
tera	T	1012	1000000000000
giga	G	109	1000000000
mega	M	106	1000000
kilo	k	103	1000
deca	da	101	10
	100	1	—
deci	d	10−1	0.1
centi	c	10−2	0.01
milli	m	10−3	0.001
micro	μ	10−6	0.000001
nano	n	10−9	0.000000001
pico	p	10−12	0.000000000001
femto	f	10−15	0.000000000000001

Derived Units and Conversions

Unit	Definition
1 mL	$\equiv$ 1 cm3
electron-volt (eV)	$\equiv$ 1.602 176 634 × 10−19 J
torr	$\equiv$ 1 mm Hg
pascal (Pa)	$\equiv$ N m–2 $\equiv$ kg m–1 s–2
atmosphere (atm)	$\equiv$ 760 mm Hg $\equiv$ 760 torr $\equiv$ 101 325 N m–2 $\equiv$ 101 325 Pa
bar	$\equiv$ 105 Pa $\equiv$ 105 kg m–1 s–2
hertz (Hz)	$\equiv$ s-1
newton (N)	$\equiv$ $kg\cdot m\cdot s^2$
joule (J)	$\equiv \quad \frac{kg\cdot m^2}{s^2}$
coulomb (C)	$\equiv \quad A\cdot s$
volt (V)	$\equiv \quad \frac{kg\cdot m^2}{s^3 \cdot A} \equiv \quad \frac{J}{C}$
volt (V)	$\equiv \quad \frac{kg\cdot m^2}{s^3 \cdot A} \equiv \quad \frac{J}{C}$

Note: The symbol $\mathbf{\equiv}$ means “is defined as“. These definitions are exact (can be considered as infinite significant figures, where values are provided).

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